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AU PRIDE OF RINGWOOD
Pedigree Second generation from the English-Pride of Kent. Bred in Australia.
Maturity Mid-season - late variety
Yield 2200 - 2800 kg./ha. or 1950 - 2500 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good vigor, well hopped, and a nice grower friendly hop
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Downy mildew, powdery mildew, and aphids are absent from Australia, so its susceptibility to these is immaterial
Pickability/Drying/Baling Excellent
Cone-Structure Fairly long, quite tight cone
Lupulin Moderate to large amount, medium dark yellow
Aroma Quite pronounced but not unpleasant
Alpha Acid 7 - 10% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 6% w/w
Cohumulone 33 - 39% of alpha acids
Storageability 45 - 55% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.0 - 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 25 - 50% of whole oil
Humulene 3 - 8% of whole oil
Carophyllene 5 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Predominantly a bittering hop but with interesting aromatic qualities
Possible Substitutions Galena, Cluster
Typical Beer Styles Australian Lagers
Additional Information At time of release in 1965, it was the highest alpha acid hop in the world and went on to become more than 90% of the Australian crop- closely associated with such famous beers as Foster's Lager.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
CZECH SAAZ
Pedigree Czech aroma landrace variety selected in the area of the same name.
Maturity Various maturities in different clonal selections
Yield 900 - 1500 kg./ha. Or 800 - 1350 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Some clones quite vigorous, others weak
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to downy and powdery mildew. Not tolerant to hop wilt. Shows increased productivity when freed of viruses.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Tendency to cone shatter if handled roughly
Cone-Structure Smallish, light cone
Lupulin Not abundant, pale yellow color
Aroma Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes
Alpha Acid 3 - 4.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 28% of alpha acids
Storageability 45 - 55% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.4 - 0.7 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 40 - 45% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene 11 - 15% of whole oil
General Trade Perception The classical "noble" aroma hop with long and strong traditions. Associated with the renowned Pilsner lager.
Possible Substitutions US Saaz, Polish Lublin, US Sterling
Typical Beer Styles Pilsner, Lagers, Belgian-Style Ales, Lambic, sometimes Bitter
Additional Information By far the predominant Czech variety and clones of it are grown in Poland and the Ukraine.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
FRENCH STRISSELSPALT
Pedigree Major aroma hops of the Alsace area of France near Strasbourg.
Maturity Late
Yield 1500 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1350 - 1800 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Quite vigorous and moderately prolific cone producer
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to English and French wilt strains. Not resistant to downy mildew or powdery mildews.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Plumpish, medium-sized cone with fairly tight strig
Lupulin Quite dark yellow, moderately abundant
Aroma Medium intensity, pleasant and hoppy
Alpha Acid 3 - 5% w/w
Beta Acid 3 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 70% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 0.9 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 30% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Good to very good aroma hop
Possible Substitutions Mt Hood, Crystal, Hersbruck
Typical Beer Styles Pilsner, Lager, Wheat
Additional Information Well accepted as good aroma hop around the world. Similar to Hersbruck in profile but preferred by some breweries.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR BREWER'S GOLD
Pedigree Released in 1934
Maturity Late
Yield 2150 - 2350 kg./ha. or 1950 - 2100 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Low resistance to wilt and powdery mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small and tight
Lupulin Full
Aroma Black currant, fruity, spicy
Alpha Acid 5.5 - 6.5% w/w
Beta Acid 2.5 - 3.5% w/w
Cohumulone 40 - 48% of alpha acids
Storageability Average
Total Oil 1.8 - 2.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 37 - 40% of whole oil
Humulene 29 - 31% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 7.5% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Mainly used as a bittering hop.
Possible Substitutions UK Northdown, Northern Brewer, Galena, Bullion, US Brewer's Gold
Typical Beer Styles Ale, heavier German style Lagers, Lambic
Additional Information Originally bred in the UK by Professor E.S. Salmon.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
GR HALLERTAU
Pedigree At one time the major Hallertau landrace variety with a highly acclaimed aroma profile
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1300 - 1800 kg./ha. or 1150 - 1600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Moderately vigorous on most soil types
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Sensitive to German wilt which resulted in reduction of its acreage and replacement by Hersbrucker over the 1970's and 1980's.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Lightish, fluffy cone
Lupulin Pale to medium yellow in color
Aroma Mild and pleasant
Alpha Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3 - 4% w/w
Cohumulone 17 - 24% of alpha acids
Storageability 50 - 60% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 10 - 20% of whole oil
Humulene 30 - 35% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception The classic German aroma hop associated with Bavarian style lager beers.
Possible Substitutions Liberty, German Tradition, Ultra
Typical Beer Styles Styles Lager, Bock, Pilsner, Weizen, Belgian-Style Ales, Alt, Lambic, Kvlsch, Munich Ales
Additional Information Limited areas grown in the US, tends to grow best in the milder climates of Oregon and northern Idaho.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR HERSBRUCKER
Pedigree Traditional German landrace variety selected in the Hersbruck area.
Maturity Late
Yield 1600 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1400 - 1800 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Quite vigorous and croppy
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Fair to good resistance to German strains of Verticillium wilt. No resistance to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Plump, round, medium-sized cone and quite light
Lupulin Moderate amount, dark yellow in color
Aroma Mild to semi-strong, pleasant and hoppy
Alpha Acid 3 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 19 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability 55 - 65% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Good to very good aroma hop.
Possible Substitutions Mt Hood, French Strisselspalt
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Weizen Bock, Wheat, Belgian-Style Ales, Kvlsch, Munich Helles
Additional Information Grown widely not only in the Hallertau but also in Spalt and Hersbruck areas.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR MAGNUM
Pedigree Bred at the Hop Research Institute in Hull (Germany)
Maturity Late
Yield 1900 - 2100 kg./ha. or 1340 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Average
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Good resistance to wilt and peronospora, low resistance to powdery mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Large cone
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma No real distinct aroma character, so is viewed favorably as a clean bittering hop.
Alpha Acid 12 - 14% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability Very good
Total Oil 1.9 - 2.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 30 - 35% of whole oil
Humulene 34 - 40% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception This high-alpha variety is a very promising new breed from the Hop Research Institution in Hull with good resistance characteristics, high yield and good growth.
Possible Substitutions Columbus, Nugget
Typical Beer Styles Lagers, Pilsner types, Stout, Ales. Typically base bitterness in Lager beers and at the same time, used by many ale brewers too.
Additional Information Hallertau Magnum is the second largest hop variety and the main high alpha variety grown in Germany.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
GR NORTHERN BREWER
Pedigree One of the original medium to high alpha hops, bred in England and later grown also in Belgium, Spain, Germany and the US.
Maturity Early - Mid season
Yield 1800 - 2400 kg./ha. or 1600 - 2150 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Quite vigorous and strong growing
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to downy and powdery mildew but tolerant to German hop wilt. No strong virus reactions.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized cone, only fairly compact. Variety prone to produce leaves in cones - "cock hops"
Lupulin Medium yellow, fairly abundant
Aroma Medium-strong with some wild American tones
Alpha Acid 7 - 10% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 28 - 33% of alpha acids
Storageability 70 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.6 - 2.1 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 30 - 35% of whole oil
Humulene 25 - 30% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A true dual-purpose hop containing moderate amounts of alpha acids combined with an acceptable aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions Chinook, US Northern Brewer, German Brewer's Gold
Typical Beer Styles ESB, Bitter, English Pale Ale, Porter, Lager, Lambic, Munich Helles
Additional Information Although declining in area in England, this variety is one of the main high-alpha hops in Germany.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
GR PERLE
Pedigree Bred at the Hull Hop Research Institute from the English Northern Brewer variety.
Maturity Mid-season to late
Yield 1750 - 2200 kg./ha. or 1550 - 1950 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Moderately vigorous and easy to grow
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Good tolerance to German wilt and downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Smallish, plump but quite tight cone
Lupulin Quite copious and fairly dark in color
Aroma Moderately intense, good and hoppy
Alpha Acid 6 - 8% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 25 - 32% of alpha acids
Storageability 70 -80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.8 - 1.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 10 - 20% of whole oil
Humulene 30 - 36% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A well accepted dual-purpose hop with a good combination balanced bittering and highly acceptable aroma properties.
Possible Substitutions US Perle, Northern Brewer
Typical Beer Styles Pale Ale, Porter, Stout, Lager, Pilsner, Weizen, Ale, Alt, Kvlsch, Munich Helles
Additional Information Introduced in the 1980's and grown in both Washington and Oregon states. Perle is the most popular German-grown hop variety.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
GR SELECT
Pedigree Bred from Hallertauer Mittlefr|h and Spalt as a disease resistant Spalt type. Originated from Hull Research Institution.
Maturity Medium late
Yield 1850 - 2100 kg./ha. or 1650 - 1875 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous grower with large head of long laterals
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistant to both Verticillium wilt and downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Difficult if over vigorous.
Cone-Structure Smallish tight and quite dark cone
Lupulin Moderate amounts, mid to deep yellow in color
Aroma Very fine Spalter type aroma
Alpha Acid 4 - 6% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 21 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability Good
Total Oil 0.5 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 11% of whole oil
Farnesene 15 - 25% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Too early for general consensus but bred to be like the Spalt/Tettnang/Saaz group.
Possible Substitutions US Saaz, US Tettnang, German Spalt, German Tettnang, German Hersbrucker
Typical Beer Styles Lager, any beer where noble aroma is wanted (i.e. Pilsner)
Additional Information Released in 1991 and seeing some limited expansion in German growing areas.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR SPALT
Pedigree Traditional German landrace variety selected and grown in the area of the same name.
Maturity Medium - early
Yield 1200 - 1600 kg./ha or 1000 - 1400 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous with long laterals but not prolific cone producer.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Field resistance to German strains of Verticillium wilt and some tolerance to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Fair to good but light cones
Cone-Structure Smallish but fairly tight cone
Lupulin Fair amount pale yellow in color
Aroma Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 4 - 5% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 23 - 28% of alpha acids
Storageability 50 - 60% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.5 - 1.1 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 18 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 -15% of whole oil
Farnesene 10 -15% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Traditional, very fine or noble aroma hop.
Possible Substitutions US Saaz, US Tettnang, German Spalt Select
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Alt, Kvlsch, Munich Helles
Additional Information Grown only in Spalt area and not a large acreage available.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR TETTNANG
Pedigree Traditional German variety developed in the area of the same name.
Maturity Medium - early
Yield 1200 - 1600 kg./ha. or 1000 - 1400 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Moderately vigorous but not prolific cone producer
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Not resistant to German wilt strains. Some tolerance to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized fairly tight cone
Lupulin Moderate amount, golden yellow
Aroma Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 23 - 29% of alpha acids
Storageability 55 - 60% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene 12 - 16% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Traditional, very fine or noble aroma hop.
Possible Substitutions German Spalt, German Select, US Tettnang, US Saaz, German Hersbrucker
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Ale, Pilsner, Weizen, Lambic, Alt, Kvlsch, Munich Helles
Additional Information Largely confined to the Tettnang area near Lake Constance.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
GR TRADITION
Pedigree A close descendent of Hallertau Mittlefruh, bred for disease resistance at the Hull Hop Research Institute in Germany.
Maturity Medium early
Yield 1750 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1560 - 1780 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous grower with long laterals
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistant to both Verticillium wilt and downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized, quite tight cone
Lupulin Moderate amount, pale yellow
Aroma Very fine, similar to German Hallertau
Alpha Acid 5 - 7% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 26 - 29% of alpha acids
Storageability Good alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.0 - 1.4 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 - 15% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Only recently released so too early for general consensus. Brew to replace Hersbrucker in German grown areas.
Possible Substitutions Liberty, German Hallertau
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Wheat, Weizen
Additional Information Released in 1991 and undergoing expansion in German growing areas.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
NZ ORGANIC HALLERTAU
Pedigree Triploid bred from Hallertau Mittlefruh
Maturity Early season
Yield 2650 kgs./ha. or 2336 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Fairly vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility No real disease problems.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Normal
Cone-Structure Dense cluster
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma Nice resiny, citrusy characteristic
Alpha Acid 7 - 9% w/w
Beta Acid 6 - 6.5% w/w
Cohumulone 35% of alpha acids
Storageability Very good
Total Oil 0.9 - 1.1 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 48% of whole oil
Humulene 10 - 12% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6% of whole oil
Farnesene 5% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Commonly used for aroma variety.
Possible Substitutions Unknown
Typical Beer Styles Mainly used for organic beers.
Additional Information ailable in limited quantities. New crop availability in March.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
NZ ORGANIC PACIFIC GEM
Pedigree A triploid, high alpha variety released in 1987
Maturity Early - Mid Season
Yield 2700 kg./ha. or 2380 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Fairly vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility No real disease problems
Pickability/Drying/Baling Baling Normal
Cone-Structure Medium-dense clusters
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma Pleasant, blackberry aroma
Alpha Acid 14 - 16% w/w
Beta Acid Acids 8 - 8.4% w/w
Cohumulone 39% of alpha acids
Storageability Very good
Total Oil 1.4% mls/100 grams
Myrcene 55% of whole oil
Humulene 18% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Widely used as a bittering hop. Woody flavor.
Possible Substitutions Unknown
Typical Beer Styles Organic Beers
Additional Information Starting to see some limited use in the US. Considered to have some good future potential.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
STYRIAN GOLDING
Pedigree Pedigree An ecotype of Fuggle grown in Slovenia. Also known as Savinja Golding.
Maturity Early maturing
Yield 1300 - 1700 kg./ha. or 1150 - 1500 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Fairly neat, not prolific.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Moderately resistant to downy mildew. Sensitive to aphids and mites.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Fair to good
Cone-Structure Medium-compact, fairly small tight cone
Lupulin Moderate amount, pale yellow
Aroma Delicate, slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 4.5 - 6% w/w
Beta Acid 2 - 3% w/w
Cohumulone 25 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 65 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.5 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 27 - 33% of whole oil
Humulene 34 - 38% of whole oil
Carophyllene 9 - 11% of whole oil
Farnesene 2 - 5% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A world-renowned aroma hop with widespread usage in both ale and lager brewing.
Possible Substitutions US Fuggle, Willamette, UK Fuggle
Typical Beer Styles English style Ale, ESB, Lager, Pilsner, Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information The old traditional favorite of Slovenia. Also well established in English brewing as Fuggle.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK CHALLENGER
Pedigree A granddaughter of Northern Brewer bred in England with German downy mildew resistant males.
Maturity Late season
Yield 1600 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1400 - 1800 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Beautiful neat columnar habit with even laterals, good head, and nicely hopped down.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Bred for resistance to downy mildew and some strains of powdery mildew. Sensitive to Verticillium wilt.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Good sized fairly firm cone
Lupulin Moderate to copious amounts, mid-yellow
Aroma Mild to moderate, quite spicy
Alpha Acid 6.5 - 8.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability 70 - 85% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.0 - 1.7 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 30 - 42% of whole oil
Humulene 25 - 32% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene 1 - 3% of whole oil
General Trade Perception One of the few recognized dual-purpose hops combining moderate amounts of alpha acids with a good kettle hop aroma.
Possible Substitutions US or German Perle, Northern Brewer.
Typical Beer Styles English style Ale, Porter, Stout, ESB, Bitter, Barley Wine, Brown Ales
Additional Information A result of Wye's efforts to combine higher levels of alpha acids with technically good aroma, disease resistance, and good agronomic properties. Released in 1968.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK FIRST GOLD
Pedigree A cross-pollination of Whitbread Golding variety and a dwarf male
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 1300 - 1900 kg./ha. or 1100 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Dwarf, short laterals, very well hopped down
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistant to powdery mildew, moderate resistance to Verticillium wilt, susceptible to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Good size firm cones
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma A little like Golding, spicy
Alpha Acid 6.5 - 8.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3 - 4% w/w
Cohumulone 31 - 36% of alpha acids
Storageability Very good
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 27 - 28% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 24% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6 - 7% of whole oil
Farnesene 3% of whole oil
General Trade Perception First commercial dwarf hop designed for aroma consideration in England, a very promising hop.
Possible Substitutions UK Kent Golding, maybe Crystal
Typical Beer Styles Ale, ESB
Additional Information Early brewing trials look very favorable, limited acreage.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK FUGGLE
Pedigree A chance seedling raised in England at about the turn of the century.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1200 - 1500 kg./ha. or 1050 - 1350 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Neat habit, fairly prolific, good grower hop
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Some resistance to downy mildew. Sensitive to Verticillium wilt.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium small, quite light cone
Lupulin Moderate amounts, mid-yellow
Aroma Mild, pleasant and hoppy
Alpha Acid 4 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 2 - 3% w/w
Cohumulone 23 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 70 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.4 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 24 - 28% of whole oil
Humulene 35 - 40% of whole oil
Carophyllene 11 - 13% of whole oil
Farnesene 5 - 7% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A hop long associated with typical English Ale brewing. Imparts good hoppy late-hop flavor.
Possible Substitutions US Fuggle, Willamette, Styrian Golding
Typical Beer Styles All English style Ales, ESB, Bitter, Lager, and Lambic
Additional Information Once a predominant hop in England but now reserved for aroma use in conjunction with high alpha types.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK KENT GOLDING
Pedigree The Goldings are the traditional Old English hop. Develops by clonal selection from 1790 on starting from Canterbury Whitebine.
Maturity Early mid and late maturing sub-varieties exist.
Yield 1500 - 1800 ka./ha. or 1350 - 1600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Ranges from vigorous growth types to fewer strong forms.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Sensitive to downy mildew. As a group the Goldings are unique in their high level of sensitivity to Hop Mosaic Virus.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Tendency to shatter especially if too dry.
Cone-Structure Fairly loose and lax, medium to large in size.
Lupulin Quite small amounts, pale yellow in color.
Aroma Gentle, fragrant and pleasant.
Alpha Acid 4 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 2 - 3.5% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability 65 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 26% of whole oil
Humulene 42 - 48% of whole oil
Carophyllene 12 - 16% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception The classic English Ale hop which has been used extensively in kettle hopping and for dry hopping.
Possible Substitutions US Golding, Whitbread Golding, UK Progress
Typical Beer Styles All English style Ales, Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information Traded as East-Kent Goldings, if grown in East Kent, Kent Goldings if grown in mid-Kent, and Goldings if grown elsewhere.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK NORTHDOWN
Pedigree A first generation selection from Northern Brewer crossed with a German male resistant to downy mildew
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1500 - 1900 kg./ha. or 1350 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Not over-vigorous, neat and manageable
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to Verticillium wilt and powdery mildew but quite resistant to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium to large, plumpish, quite loose
Lupulin Moderate amounts, palish yellow
Aroma Mild, pleasant and delicate hop aroma
Alpha Acid 7.5 - 9.5% w/w
Beta Acid 5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 70% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 23 - 29% of whole oil
Humulene 40 - 45% of whole oil
Carophyllene 13 - 17% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A true dual-purpose hop with moderate bittering potential and excellent flavor/aroma charteristics.
Possible Substitutions UK Challenger, Northern Brewer
Typical Beer Styles All Ales, Porter
Additional Information Released in early 1970's with relatively high alpha acids for its time. Its excellent flavor properties ensured its continued survival after the release of the higher alpha acids variety Wye Target.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
UK PROGRESS
Pedigree A daughter of Whitbread's Golding variety (WGV1147) bred with wild American germplasm on the male side.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 1800 - 2300 kg./ha. or 1600 - 2050 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Strong grower, dark in color, prolific cone producer.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Bred for tolerance to Verticillium wilt. Susceptible to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Good-sized, firm, plump cone.
Lupulin Moderate amounts, fairly dark yellow in color
Aroma Moderately strong, good aroma
Alpha Acid 5 - 7% w/w
Beta Acid 2 - 2.5% w/w
Cohumulone 25 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 30 - 35% of whole oil
Humulene 40 - 47% of whole oil
Carophyllene 12 - 15% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A robust hop aroma type with moderate bittering potential.
Possible Substitutions UK Kent Golding, Fuggle
Typical Beer Styles Ale, Bitter, ESB, Porter
Additional Information One of the very few aroma hops actually purpose bred in a modern breeding program. Released in the mid-sixties just before brewer demand switched to high alpha acids so it never become very widely planted.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
UK TARGET
Pedigree A second generation selection from Northern Brewer by a male seedling of English Goldings.
Maturity Late season
Yield 1500 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1350 - 1800 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Difficult to train but then quite vigorous and high yielding.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Tolerant to Verticillium wilt and resistant to powdery mildew. Sensitive to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Smallish plump, but very tight cone
Lupulin Abundant and medium yellow in color
Aroma Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense
Alpha Acid 9.5 - 12.5% w/w
Beta Acid 5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 29 - 35% of alpha acids
Storageability 45 - 55% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.6 - 2.6 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 17 - 22% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A good high alpha variety with an acceptable to desirable kettle hop aroma.
Possible Substitutions Fuggle, Willamette
Typical Beer Styles All Ales and Lagers
Additional Information The predominant UK variety at present and widely used for its high alpha acids content combined with an acceptable aroma. Normally used for bittering.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US AHTANUM
Pedigree Open pollination
Maturity Medium-late
Yield 1990 - 2190 kg./ha. or 1775 - 1950 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Tolerant to downy mildew and Peronospora
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small, compact cone
Lupulin Fairly yellow, similar to Cascade
Aroma Floral
Alpha Acid 5.7 - 6.3% w/w
Beta Acid 5 - 6.5% w/w
Cohumulone 30 - 35% of alpha acids
Storageability Fair to good
Total Oil 0.8 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 50 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 16 - 20% of whole oil
Carophyllene 9 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Used for its aromatic properties and moderate bittering.
Possible Substitutions Cascade, Amarillo
Typical Beer Styles Lager, American Ales
Additional Information Quite similar to Cascade
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US AMARILLO
Pedigree Privately grown and registered.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield Not determined yet
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Fairly resistant to all diseases
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small, tight cone
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma Floral and citrusy
Alpha Acid 8 - 11% w/w
Beta Acid 6 - 7% w/w
Cohumulone 21 - 24 of alpha acids
Storageability Average
Total Oil 1.5 - 1.9 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 68 - 70% of whole oil
Humulene 9 - 11% of whole oil
Carophyllene 2 - 4% of whole oil
Farnesene 2 - 4% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Gaining acceptance, viewed somewhat as a Cascade type
Possible Substitutions Cascade, Centennial, possibly Chinook, Ahtanum
Typical Beer Styles American Ales, IPA
Additional Information Very limited acreage at this time.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US BREWER'S GOLD
Pedigree A sibling of Bullion developed by Professor Salmon in 1934
Maturity Medium to late
Yield 2750 kg./ha. or 2400 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Habit Normal
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Low resistance to wilt and powdery mildew
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Over-sized, compact cone
Lupulin Unknown
Aroma Blackcurrant, fruity, spicy
Alpha Acid 8 - 10% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 40 - 48% of alpha acids
Storageability Poor
Total Oil 2.0 - 2.4 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 37 - 40% of whole oil
Humulene 29 - 31% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 7.5% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Mainly used as a bittering hop
Possible Substitutions Bullion
Typical Beer Styles Ale, Pilsners & Lambic
Additional Information Limited acreage in the US
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US CASCADE
Pedigree Open pollination of a Fuggle seedling, itself derived from crosses between Fuggle and the Russian hop Serebrianker.
Maturity Mid-Season
Yield 1600 - 2200 kg./ha or 1430 - 1960 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good to excellent
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Not seriously affected by Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Good crown and cone resistance to downy mildew, partly tolerant to Verticillium wilt. Prone to insects, especially Aphids.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Compact, medium sized, slightly square-shaped
Lupulin Moderate amount, yellow color; develops compact balls of Luplin in the cone; unique to Cascade
Aroma Flowery and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit note.
Alpha Acid 4.5 - 7.0% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 7.0% w/w
Cohumulone 33 - 40% of alpha acids
Storageability 48 - 52% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.8 - 1.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 60% of whole oil
Humulene 10 - 16% of whole oil
Carophyllene 3 - 6% of whole oil
Farnesene 4 - 8 % of whole oil
General Trade Perception Aroma variety with well-balanced bittering potential. It is the most popular hop with the craftbrewing industry. Good for dry hopping.
Possible Substitutions Centennial, Amarillo, to a lesser extent, Columbus
Typical Beer Styles American-Style Ales, especially Pale Ale, IPA, Porter, Barley wines; Can also be used in Witbier.
Additional Information Released in 1972 and well-established in US industry. The first commercially accepted American-bred aroma hop.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US CENTENNIAL
Pedigree Selected from a cross between Brewer's Gold and a selected USDA male.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 1700 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1500 - 1750 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good and neat, well-hopped down
Disease/Pest Susceptibility No visible reaction to infection with Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Moderately resistant to downy mildew and Verticillium wilt.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized, dense, compact cone
Lupulin Abundant, dark yellow in color
Aroma Medium intensity with floral and citrus tones
Alpha Acid 9.5 - 11.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 29 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 65% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 10 - 18% of whole oil
Carophyllene 5 - 8% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Very balanced hop, sometimes called a super Cascade.
Possible Substitutions Cascade, possibly Columbus or Chinook. Analytically a blend of 70% Cascade and 30% Columbus will give similar profile.
Typical Beer Styles All US Ale styles, has been used with US Wheat beers.
Additional Information Named from the Washington State Centennial Celebration. At one time this variety was going to be destroyed for lack of interest by the world's major breweries. Today has found a very favorable following by craft-brewers.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US CHINOOK
Pedigree From a cross between Petham Golding and a USDA-selected male with high alpha acids and good storage properties.
Maturity Mid to late season
Yield 2000 - 2500 kg./ha. or 1780 - 2230 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Tolerant to infection with Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus, moderately resistant to downy mildew. Not excessively sensitive to insects.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Long, medium-compact with turned outward petals.
Lupulin Abundant and yellow-orange color
Aroma Medium intensity, spicy, piney, distinctive grapefruit
Alpha Acid 12.0 - 14.0% w/w
Beta Acid 3.0 - 4.0% w/w
Cohumulone 29 - 34% of alpha acids
Storageability 65 - 70% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 35 - 40% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 9 - 11% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A high alpha-acids hop with an acceptable aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions Nugget, Columbus, Northern Brewer, Wye Target, possibly Centennial
Typical Beer Styles US Style Pale Ale, IPA, Stout, Porter, Barley Wine, Lager (Bittering)
Additional Information Released in the US industry in 1985 and becoming increasingly popular with craft-brewers.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US CLUSTER
Pedigree Not known but possibly a result of a cross between an English variety and an American male hop.
Maturity Early to late
Yield 1900 - 2400 kg. /ha. or 1700 - 2140 lb. /ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous but manageable
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Very susceptible to downy mildew. Not seriously affected by Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-compact cone
Lupulin Plentiful, yellow in color
Aroma Floral and spicy
Alpha Acid 5.5 - 8.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 5.5 %w/w
Cohumulone 36 - 42% of alpha acids
Storageability 80 - 85% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 0.4 - 0.8 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 18% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6 - 7% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception An excellent general purpose hop with medium and well-balanced bittering potential and no undesirable aroma properties.
Possible Substitutions Galena, possibly US Northern Brewer
Typical Beer Styles Ale (Aroma), Lager (Bittering), Stout
Additional Information For years the standard US cultivar, improved mass selection in the mid-sixties. Limited acreage grown today.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US COLUMBUS
Pedigree Bred and selected from the Hopunion breeding program.
Maturity Mid-season to late
Yield 2250 - 2800 kg./ha. or 2000 - 2500 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Excellent
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Has sensitivity to powdery mildew and some sensitivity to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium to large dense, rounded cone
Lupulin Plentiful, pale to mid-yellow
Aroma Pungent
Alpha Acid 14 - 16% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 30 - 35% of alpha acids
Storageability Below average alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 25 - 45% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Originally bred for its alpha value, it has also become popular for its oil profile. Great for dry hopping.
Possible Substitutions Nugget, Chinook, Wye Target, Northern Brewer, possibly Centennial
Typical Beer Styles US IPA, US Pale Ale, Stout, Barley Wine, Lager (Bittering)
Additional Information Also know as Tomahawk. Considered similar to Zeus.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US CRYSTAL
Pedigree A triploid variety developed from the German Hallertau aroma hop variety with primary contributions from Cascade, Brewer's Gold and Early Green. Released in 1993 to the hop industry.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 1350 - 2250 kg./ha. Or 1200 - 2000 lb./ac.
Growth Habit A fairly strong growing hop
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Somewhat susceptible to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized fairly neat cone
Lupulin Moderately abundant, normal yellow color
Aroma Mild, spicy & flowery
Alpha Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 6.5% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 26% of alpha acids
Storageability 50% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 1.0 - 1.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 40 - 65% of whole oil
Humulene 18 - 24% of whole oil
Carophyllene 4 - 8% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Very popular in the craft-brewing industry. Viewed as the most pungent of the new triploid Hallertau family of hops.
Possible Substitutions Mt. Hood, Hersbruck, French Strisselspalt, Liberty, Hallertau
Typical Beer Styles Pilsner, Lager, Kvlsch, ESB, Alt, Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information Primarily grown in Oregon. Acreage is increasing. Released in the 1990's.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US FUGGLE
Pedigree A chance seedling selected in 1875 by Mr. Richard Fuggle in England. It has been in the US since the late 1800's.
Maturity Early
Yield 1200 - 1800 kg./ha. or 1070 - 1600 lbs./ac.
Growth Habit Neat and manageable
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Not seriously affected by Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Resistant to downy mildew. Not excessively sensitive to insects.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small and rather light, medium-compact.
Lupulin Moderate amount, yellow color
Aroma Mild, woody and fruity
Alpha Acid 4.0 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 1.5 - 2.0% w/w
Cohumulone 25 - 32% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 65% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 40 - 50% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 26% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene 4 - 5% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Traditional English-type aroma hop.
Possible Substitutions UK Fuggle, Willamette, Styrian Golding, US Tettnang
Typical Beer Styles Any English-style beer or American Ales, Lambic
Additional Information Also know overseas as Styrian (Savinja) Golding in Slovenia and as UK Fuggle in England. In the US it has been replaced in part by Willamette (triploid Fuggle), which growers find more favorable.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US GALENA
Pedigree Bred from Brewer's Gold by open pollination in the state of Idaho.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1900 - 2500 kg./ha. or 1700 - 2230 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Neat and columnar
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Exhibits reaction to infection with Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Some resistance to downy mildew, slightly susceptible to powdery mildew, susceptible to aphids.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-compact and plump
Lupulin Abundant, yellow in color
Aroma Citrusy
Alpha Acid 12 - 14% w/w
Beta Acid 7 - 9% w/w
Cohumulone 38 - 42% of alpha acids
Storageability 75 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 0.9 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 55 - 60% of whole oil
Humulene 10 - 15% of whole oil
Carophyllene 3 - 5% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception An excellent high alpha acids hop with balanced bittering properties combines with a good aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions Nugget
Typical Beer Styles Can be used in most English-style and American Ales.
Additional Information Released in 1978.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US GLACIER
Pedigree Released in 2000.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 2750 - 2900 kg./ha. or 2400 - 2600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to powdery and downy mildew
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small cone
Lupulin Moderately abundant
Aroma Excellent, pleasant hoppiness
Alpha Acid 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 8.2% w/w
Cohumulone 11 - 13% of alpha acids
Storageability Good
Total Oil 0.7 - 1.6 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 33 - 62% of whole oil
Humulene 24 - 36% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6.5 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception An excellent new variety with balanced bittering properties combined with a good aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions Willamette, US Fuggle, US Tettnang, Styrian Golding
Typical Beer Styles Pale Ale, ESB, Bitter, English-Style Pale Ale, Porter, Stout
Additional Information Released as a public variety in 2000 by Dr. Stephen Kenny, Washington State University. It was chosen for its low co-humulone and good Yield potential.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US GOLDING
Pedigree The genuine long-established East Kent Golding variety group imported from England. Started by Hopunion in the US in 1993.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1000 - 1450 kg/ha or 900 - 1300 lbs./ac.
Growth Habit Average
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Sensitive to downy mildew and highly sensitive to Hop Mosaic Virus infection.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Care needed in picking light fluffy cones. Requires adequate conditioning to prevent shatter.
Cone-Structure Small, light and fluffy
Lupulin Palish yellow and only moderate amounts
Aroma Mild, delicate classic English-type
Alpha Acid 4.0 - 5.0% w/w
Beta Acid 2.0 - 3.0% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 25% of alpha acids
Storageability 65 - 80% of alpha acids remaining after 6 months at 20°C.
Total Oil 0.5 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 35% of whole oil
Humulene 35 - 45% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 - 15% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception US Goldings are very popular among ale breweries in the US.
Possible Substitutions UK East Kent Golding, UK Progress and possibly the Fuggle family.
Typical Beer Styles All English-style beers, especially all Bitters and Pale Ale, Belgian-Style Ales, Barley Wine
Additional Information UK Golding clones have been introduced for growing here in Washington and Oregon. Before being grown in the US, there was a Golding grown in British Columbia (BC Golding), there are no longer any more BC Golding hops grown.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US HALLERTAU
Pedigree Traditional German variety, originally selected in the area of the same name.
Maturity Early
Yield 900 - 1400 kg./ha. or 800 - 1250 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Can be variable in production
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Can display reaction to Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus infection. Fairly sensitive to downy mildew, Verticillium wilt and insects.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Fair to good
Cone-Structure Fairly loose, small and light
Lupulin Moderate amount, quite pale
Aroma Very mild, slightly flowery and somewhat spicy
Alpha Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3.5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 18 - 24% of alpha acids
Storageability 52 - 58% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 35 - 44% of whole oil
Humulene 30 - 38% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Traditional German aroma hop
Possible Substitutions Liberty, German Hallertau, German Tradition
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Wheat, Kvlsch, Munich Helles, Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information Limited acreage grown, though seeing increased popularity among craft-brewers. More expensive than the triploid Hallertau, Mt Hood & Liberty, which have better yield . Have seen, for example, Mt Hood sold as simply Hallertau. If you want Hallertau, make sure you are getting the real thing. If you're not sure, ask!
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US HORIZON
Pedigree A diploid high alpha, low co-humulone selection. Cross made in Oregon in 1970, half-sister of Nugget.
Maturity Medium
Yield 2100 - 2300 kg./ha. or 1900 - 2000 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Moderately vigorous, neat even columnar habit
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptibility to downy mildew. Moderately resistant Verticillium wilt.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Firm, quite tight
Lupulin Moderate amount, yellow
Aroma Floral, spicy
Alpha Acid 11 - 13% w/w
Beta Acid 6.5 - 8.5% w/w
Cohumulone 16 - 19% of alpha acids
Storageability Average to good
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 55 - 65% of whole oil
Humulene 11 - 13% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7.5 - 9% of whole oil
Farnesene 2.5 - 3.5% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Good potential as a medium alpha, good aroma, dual purpose hop. Has a low co-humulone, which results in a clean tasting beer.
Possible Substitutions Magnum
Typical Beer Styles All Ales and Lagers
Additional Information Commercially grown in small quantities. Gaining in popularity with the craft-brewing industry.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US LIBERTY
Pedigree Cross between colchicines-induced tetraploid female hop cultivar Hallertauer Mittlefruh and downy mildew resistant male.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1100 - 1900 kg./ha. or 1000 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Columnar and quite vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptibility Moderately resistant to downy mildew. No Verticillium wilt symptoms observed.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Fair to good
Cone-Structure Smallish plump, dense cones
Lupulin Moderate amounts, dark yellow in color
Aroma Mild with a slightly spicy character
Alpha Acid 3.0 - 5.0% w/w
Beta Acid 3.0 - 4.0% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 35 - 55% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.6 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 40% of whole oil
Humulene 35 - 40% of whole oil
Carophyllene 9 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Perception Aroma variety with close similarities to imported German aroma varieties, especially Hallertau.
Possible Substitutions US or German Hallertau, German Tradition, Mt Hood, possibly Spalt
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, US Wheat, Kolsch
Additional Information Released in the US in 1991. Of the four triploid Hallertau varieties released, Liberty most closely resembles the Hallertau cultivar.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US MAGNUM
Pedigree Bred at the Hop Research Institute in Hüll (Germany)
Maturity Late
Yield 1900 - 2000 kg./ha. or 1340 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Good resistance to wilt and downy mildew, susceptible to powdery mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Below average
Cone-Structure Large cone
Lupulin Plentiful
Aroma No real distinct aroma character, so is viewed favorably as a clean bittering hop.
Alpha Acid 12 - 14% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 6% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 28% of alpha acids
Storageability Very good alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.9 - 2.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 30 - 35% of whole oil
Humulene 34 - 40% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Gaining increasing acceptance as a clean bittering hop.
Possible Substitutions German Magnum, possibly Horizon
Typical Beer Styles Good bittering hop for all Ales and Lagers
Additional Information Limited acreage in the US, but widely grown in Germany.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US MILLENIUM
Pedigree Millennium is a triploid, high alpha acids variety, with Nugget as the mother.
Maturity Middle-Late
Yield 2750 - 2900 kg./ha. or 2400 - 2600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Appears fairly resistant to most diseases, including Powdery Mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Heavy, compact
Lupulin Yellow
Aroma Mild, Herbal, similar to Nugget
Alpha Acid 15.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4.8% w/w
Cohumulone 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 24% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene Great variation
Humulene 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10.6% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Very new hop. Primarily used for alpha potential
Possible Substitutions Nugget and Columbus
Typical Beer Styles Ales, Stout, Barley Wine
Additional Information Released by John I Haas.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US MOUNT HOOD
Pedigree A triploid seedling of the German Hallertauer variety
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1700 - 2200 kg./ha. or 1520 - 1960 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Fairly vigorous but manageable
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Moderately resistant to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-size and fairly compact
Lupulin Moderate amount, yellow in color
Aroma Mild, somewhat pungent
Alpha Acid 5.0 - 8.0% w/w
Beta Acid 5.0 - 7.5% w/w
Cohumulone 22 - 23% of alpha acids
Storageability 50 - 60% alpha acid remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.0 - 1.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 55 - 65% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 25% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Perception Aroma variety with marked similarities to the German Hallertauer and Hersbrucker varieties. Most popular hop in the triploid Hallertau breeding program, partly due to the fact it was the first one released.
Possible Substitutions Crystal, French Strisselspalt, Hersbrucker
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, US Wheat, Alt, Munich Helles
Additional Information Released in the US in 1989.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US NEWPORT
Pedigree Open pollination
Maturity Moderately late
Yield 2300 - 2840 kg/ha. or 1990 - 2550 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistance to both powdery and downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-large, somewhat loose
Lupulin Moderate, Yellow in color
Aroma Mild
Alpha Acid 13.5 - 17% w/w
Beta Acid 7.2 - 9.1% w/w
Cohumulone 36 - 38% of alpha acids
Storageability 60% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.6 - 3.36 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 47 - 54% of whole oil
Humulene 9 - 14% of whole oil
Carophyllene 4.5 - 7% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Viewed as a high-bittering alpha hop.
Possible Substitutions Galena, Nugget, Fuggle, Magnum, Brewer's Gold
Typical Beer Styles Ales, Stout, Barley Wine
Additional Information One of the newest varieties to be released in the US (Year 2002)
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US NORTHERN BREWER
Pedigree Bred in England in 1934 from a cross between a female hop of wild American parentage and an English male.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1200 - 1600 kg./ha. or 1000 - 1400 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Adequate in temperate climates but has difficulty growing when under heat stress.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Susceptible to downy mildew, no strong virus reactions. Has resistance to aphids and mites.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized cone, only fairly tight. Prone to develop leaves in cones, also called "cock hops."
Lupulin Medium yellow. Fairly abundant.
Aroma Medium -strong
Alpha Acid 8 - 10% w/w
Beta Acid 3 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 20 - 30 %of alpha acids
Storageability 70 - 85% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.5 - 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 50 - 60% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 30 % of whole oil
Carophyllene 5 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A true dual-purpose hop, containing moderate amounts of alpha acids combined with a good aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions German Northern Brewer, Chinook
Typical Beer Styles All English-styles, especially Porter, American Ales, Kvlsch, Munich Helles.
Additional Information A major alpha hop in Germany, but declining in areas in England. Limited acreage in the US.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US NUGGET
Pedigree Selected from a cross between Brewer's Gold and a high alpha acids male with good storage properties.
Maturity Mid-season
Yield 1900 - 2500 kg./ha. or 1700 - 2230 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Little visual reaction to infection with Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Moderate to good resistance to downy mildew, but susceptible to spider mites.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Very good
Cone-Structure Heavy, tight and moderately long.
Lupulin Plentiful and yellow-orange in color.
Aroma Herbal
Alpha Acid 12 - 14% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 6% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 30% of alpha acids
Storageability 70 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 1.7 - 2.3 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 51 - 59% of whole oil
Humulene 12 - 22% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A high alpha acids hop with a good aroma profile.
Possible Substitutions Galena, Magnum, Columbus, Wye Target
Typical Beer Styles Ales, Stout, Barley Wine
Additional Information Released in 1982 and now a major high alpha acids variety in the US. Also grown in Germany.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US PERLE
Pedigree Bred in Germany from the English Northern Brewer variety.
Maturity Early
Yield 1300 - 1800 kg./ha. or 1160 - 1600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good - Does not like hot weather.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Mainly tolerant to Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus infection. Fairly resistant to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Fairly loose, medium-long
Lupulin Plentiful, fairly dark yellow
Aroma Floral and slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 7 - 9.5% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 27 - 32% of alpha acids
Storageability 80 - 85% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.7 - 0.9 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 28 - 33% of whole oil
Carophyllene 10 -12% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A hop with German type aroma properties combines with moderate bittering potential. A dual purpose hop. Popular with craft-brewers.
Possible Substitutions German Perle, German and US Northern Brewer
Typical Beer Styles Pale Ale, Porter, Stout, Lager, Weizen, Alt, Barley Wine, Kolsch
Additional Information Excellent storagability.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US SAAZ
Pedigree US equivalent of the Czech variety of the same name.
Maturity Early
Yield 650 - 1150 kg./ha. or 600 - 1000 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Difficult hop to grow. Yields can vary greatly from year to year.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Some tolerance to downy mildew but prone to virus symptoms under certain conditions.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good, tend to shatter if over-ripe.
Cone-Structure Small, light, fluffy cone
Lupulin Limited amount, pale yellow
Aroma Very mild, spicy and earthy
Alpha Acid 3.0 - 4.5% w/w
Beta Acid 3.0 - 4.5% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - 28% of alpha acids
Storageability 45 - 55% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 0.5 - 1.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 25 - 30% of whole oil
Humulene 35 - 40% of whole oil
Carophyllene 9 - 11% of whole oil
Farnesene 9 - 13% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Available in small quantities.
Possible Substitutions Czech Saaz, Polish Lublin, Sterling
Typical Beer Styles Pilsner, Lager, US Wheat, Belgian-Style Ales, Bitter
Additional Information High ambient temperatures can have an adverse effect on yields.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US SANTIAM
Pedigree Triploid aroma selection using a diploid Tettnang clone and a tetraploid Hallertauer. Released in 1997.
Maturity Medium
Yield 1600 - 2350 kg./ha. or 1400 - 2100 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Very good
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistant to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small, medium density
Lupulin Moderate amount
Aroma Floral, slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 5 - 7% w/w
Beta Acid 6 - 8% w/w
Cohumulone 22 - 24% of alpha acids
Storageability Average
Total Oil 1.3 - 1.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 27 - 36% of whole oil
Humulene 23 - 26% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 8% of whole oil
Farnesene 13 - 16% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A newly developed American aroma hop that contains noble hop characteristics.
Possible Substitutions German Tettnang, German Spalt, German Spalter Select
Typical Beer Styles Lager, US Ales, Pilsner, Belgian Tripel and other Belgian-Styles, Kvlsch, Bock, Munich Helles.
Additional Information Limited but stable acreage.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US SIMCOE™
Pedigree Released in 2000
Maturity Medium
Yield 2650 - 2880 kg./ha. or 2300 - 2500 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Not overly vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Moderate tolerance to powdery mildew, Spaerotheca.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-size
Lupulin Bright yellow
Aroma Very unique, pine-like aroma
Alpha Acid 12 - 14% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 5% w/w
Cohumulone 15 - 20% of alpha acids
Storageability Good
Total Oil 2 - 2.5 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 60 -65% of whole oil
Humulene 10 - 15% of whole oil
Carophyllene 5 - 8% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Used for aromatic, and especially bittering properties.
Possible Substitutions Unknown
Typical Beer Styles American Ales
Additional Information Known as a bittering hop with good aroma characteristics
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US STERLING
Pedigree Released in 1998
Maturity Medium
Yield 2020 - 2245 kg./ha. or 1800 - 2000 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Moderately vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Moderately resistant to downy mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium
Lupulin Pale yellow
Aroma Herbal, spicy with a hint of floral and citrus.
Alpha Acid 6 - 9% w/w
Beta Acid 4 - 6% w/w
Cohumulone 22 - 28% of alpha acids
Storageability Good alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C.
Total Oil 1.3 - 1.9 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 44 - 48% of whole oil
Humulene 19 - 23% of whole oil
Carophyllene 5 - 7% of whole oil
Farnesene 11 - 17% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Perceived to be similar to a Saaz and Mt Hood combination. Finding favor as a Saaz replacement.
Possible Substitutions Czech Saaz
Typical Beer Styles Pilsner and other Lagers, Ales and Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information Limited, but stable acreage.
Typical Hop Use Dual purpose
US TETTNANG
Pedigree Commercially grown in the US since the 1980's.
Maturity Early
Yield 1000 - 1500 kg./ha. or 900 - 1340 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Fairly neat
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Can display reaction to Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus infection. Moderately resistant to downy mildew. Sensitive to insects, in particular mites.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Fair to good
Cone-Structure Medium-compact, fairly small light cone.
Lupulin Moderate amount, pale yellow.
Aroma Slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 4.0 - 5.0% w/w
Beta Acid 3.0 - 4.0% w/w
Cohumulone 20 -25% of alpha acids
Storageability 55 - 60% of alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.4 - 0.8 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 0.4 - 0.8 mls/100 grams
Humulene 18 - 23% of whole oil
Carophyllene 6 - 7% of whole oil
Farnesene 5 - 8% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A true noble aroma variety.
Possible Substitutions German Spalt Select, German Spalt, Santiam
Typical Beer Styles Lager, US Ales, Pilsner, US Wheat, Bitter
Additional Information US Tettnang is similar to Fuggle. A very popular hop with the craft-brewery industry.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US VANGUARD
Pedigree From a cross made in 1982 between USDA accessions 21285 (a Hallertau mf daughter) and 64037M.
Maturity Early
Yield 1500 - 1650 kg./ha. or 1350 - 1475 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Columnar. Good spring growth. The shoots are upright and easy to train. The shoots are light yellow and turn green as they climb the string.
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Resistance to hop downy mildew similar to that of the cultivars Nugget and Willamette.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small to medium-sized, fairly light.
Lupulin Light yellow
Aroma Similar to Hallertau.
Alpha Acid 5.5% - 6% w/w
Beta Acid 6 - 7% w/w
Cohumulone 14 - 16% of alpha acids
Storageability 75 - 80% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 0.9 - 1.2 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 20 - 25% of whole oil
Humulene 45 - 50% of whole oil
Carophyllene 12 - 14% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception Still being tested and looked at by micro & craft breweries.
Possible Substitutions Hallertau, German Hersbrucker, Mt Hood, Liberty
Typical Beer Styles Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Kvlsch, Wheat, Munich Helles, Belgian-Style Ales
Additional Information Similar to Hallertau Mittlefruh
Typical Hop Use Aroma
US WARRIOR™
Pedigree Unknown
Maturity Medium
Yield 2750 - 3000 kg./ha. 2400 - 2600 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Vigorous
Disease/Pest Susceptibility Moderate tolerance to powdery mildew, Spaerotheca.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Medium-sized
Lupulin Bright yellow
Aroma Very mild
Alpha Acid 15 - 17% w/w
Beta Acid 4.5 - 5.5% w/w
Cohumulone 24 - ???% of alpha acids
Storageability Good
Total Oil 1.0 - 2.0 mls/100 grams
Myrcene 40 - 50% of whole oil
Humulene 15 - 20% of whole oil
Carophyllene 8 - 10% of whole oil
Farnesene <1% of whole oil
General Trade Perception New hop with much potential. Very stable.
Possible Substitutions Nugget, Columbus
Typical Beer Styles Pale Ale, IPA
Additional Information Very grower friendly.
Typical Hop Use Bittering
US WILLAMETTE
Pedigree A triploid seedling of the English Fuggle variety.
Maturity Early to mid-season
Yield 1500 - 1900 kg./ha. or 1340 - 1700 lb./ac.
Growth Habit Good, vigorous but manageable
Disease/Pest Susceptibility visible reaction to Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus. Fair resistance to downy mildew. Susceptible to Verticillium wilt. Some susceptibility to powdery mildew.
Pickability/Drying/Baling Good
Cone-Structure Small to medium sized, round, and fairly light
Lupulin Moderate amount, golden yellow in color
Aroma Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy
Alpha Acid 4.0 - 6.0% w/w
Beta Acid 3.0 - 4.0% w/w
Cohumulone 30 -35% of alpha acids
Storageability 60 - 65% alpha acids remaining after 6 months storage at 20°C
Total Oil 1.0 - 1.5% mls/100 grams
Myrcene 45 - 55% of whole oil
Humulene 20 - 30% of whole oil
Carophyllene 7 - 8% of whole oil
Farnesene 5 - 6% of whole oil
General Trade Perception A quality aroma hop
Possible Substitutions US Fuggle, US Tettnang, Styrian Golding
Typical Beer Styles All English-style Ales, and US Pale and Brown Ales.
Additional Information Released in 1976 and well-established in the US industry. Currently the most widely grown aroma hops in the US.
Typical Hop Use Aroma
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